基于C++语言实现图书管理系统

2026/8/15 19:56:22

代码功能分析

该程序是一个简单的图书管理系统，基于C++实现，采用结构体数组存储图书信息，支持添加、删除、查找、清空、修改和显示图书功能。以下是核心模块的说明和优化建议：

关键功能模块

数据结构

Person结构体存储单本图书信息（书名、价格、编号）。
Arraybooks结构体管理图书数组，包含最大容量MAX和当前数量length。

功能函数

addBooks: 添加新图书，检查数组是否已满。
dalateBooks: 按书名删除图书，移动后续元素覆盖被删项。
isExist: 检查书名是否存在，返回索引或-1。
CheckBook: 按书名查找并输出图书信息。
cleanbooks: 清空图书数组（重置length）。
changebooks: 按书名修改图书信息。
showbooks: 遍历输出所有图书信息。

交互逻辑

main函数通过while循环和switch实现菜单驱动。
mean函数打印功能菜单。

代码实现

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;
#define MAX 1000
struct Person {
string name;
int price;
string number;
};

struct Arraybooks {
struct Person book[MAX];
int length;
};

void mean();
int outSystem();
void addBooks(Arraybooks* abs);
void dalateBooks(Arraybooks* abs);
int isExist(Arraybooks* abs, string name);
void CheckBook(Arraybooks* abs);
void cleanbooks(Arraybooks* abs);
void showbooks(Arraybooks* abs);
void changebooks(Arraybooks* abs);

int main() {
int x;
Arraybooks abs;
abs.length = 0;

while (true) {
mean();
cin >> x;
switch (x) {
case 1:
addBooks(&abs);
break;
case 2:
dalateBooks(&abs);
break;
case 3:
CheckBook(&abs);
break;
case 4:
cleanbooks(&abs);
break;
case 5:
changebooks(&abs);
break;
case 6:
showbooks(&abs);
break;
case 0:
outSystem();
break;

}

}
return 0;
}
void addBooks(Arraybooks* abs) {
if (abs->length >= MAX) {
cout << "书籍已满" << endl;
}
else {
string name;
cout << "请输入书籍的名字: " << endl;
cin >> name;
abs->book[abs->length].name = name;

int price;
cout << "请输入书的价格： " << endl;
cin >> price;
abs->book[abs->length].price = price;

string num;
cout << "请输入书的编号： " << endl;
cin >> num;
abs->book[abs->length].number = num;

abs->length++;

cout << "添加成功" << endl;
}
}

int isExist(Arraybooks* abs, string name) {
for (int i = 0; i < abs->length; ++i) {
if (abs->book[i].name == name) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}

void dalateBooks(Arraybooks* abs) {
cout << "请输入你要删除的书籍" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;

int ret = isExist(abs, name);
if (ret != -1 && ret != abs->length - 1) {
abs->book[ret].name = abs->book[ret + 1].name;
abs->book[ret].number = abs->book[ret + 1].number;
abs->book[ret].price = abs->book[ret + 1].price;
for (int i = ret + 2; i < abs->length; ++i) {
abs->book[i - 1].name = abs->book[i].name;
abs->book[i - 1].number = abs->book[i].number;
abs->book[i - 1].price = abs->book[i].price;
abs->length--;
}
cout << "删除成功" << endl;
}
else if(ret != 1 && ret == abs->length - 1) {
abs->length--;
}
else {
cout << "查无此书" << endl;
}
}

void CheckBook(Arraybooks* abs) {
cout << "输入你要查找的书籍" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;

int ret = isExist(abs, name);
if (ret != -1) {
cout << "书名为：" << abs->book[ret].name << "\t";
cout << "书价格为：" << abs->book[ret].price << "\t";
cout << "书编号为：" << abs->book[ret].number << endl;
}
else {
cout << "查无此书" << endl;
}
}

void cleanbooks(Arraybooks* abs) {
abs->length = 0;
cout << "清理完成" << endl;

}

void changebooks(Arraybooks* abs) {
cout << "输入你要修改的图书" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExist(abs, name);
if (ret != -1) {
cout << "请输入名字： " << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
abs->book[ret].name = name;

cout << "请输入价格： " << endl;
int price;
cin >> price;
abs->book[ret].price = price;

cout << "请输入编号: " << endl;
string num;
cin >> num;
abs->book[ret].number = num;
}
else {
cout << "查无此书" << endl;
}

}

void showbooks(Arraybooks* abs) {
if (abs->length == 0) {
cout << "书架为空" << endl;
}
else {
for (int i = 0; i < abs->length; ++i) {
cout << "书籍名字： " << abs->book[i].name << "\t";
cout << "书籍价格： " << abs->book[i].price << "\t";
cout << "书籍编号： " << abs->book[i].number << endl;
}
}
}

int outSystem() {
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
return 0;
}

void mean() {
cout << "*************************" << endl;
cout << "*******1、加入图书********" << endl; //OK
cout << "*******2、按名删除图书*****" << endl;//OK
cout << "*******3、按名查找图书*****" << endl;//OK
cout << "*******4、清空图书架*******" << endl;//OK
cout << "*******5、修改图书名*******" << endl;
cout << "*******6、显示图书架*******" << endl;//OK
cout << "*******0、退出系统*********" << endl; //OK
cout << "**************************" << endl;

}