实验报告册与思维导图

2026/7/16 4:12:54

实验拓扑图及其要求：

一、IP规划总表

1. LoopBack0
R2：2.2.2.2 /32 | R3：3.3.3.3 /32 | R4：4.4.4.4 /32 | R5：5.5.5.5 /32

2. 互联网段
R1-R2：100.1.1.0/24 R1：100.1.1.1 R2：100.1.1.2
R2-R5：100.2.2.0/24 R2：100.2.2.2 R5：100.2.2.5
R2-R3：100.3.3.0/24 R2：100.3.3.2 R3：100.3.3.3
R3-R4：100.5.5.0/24 R3：100.5.5.3 R4：100.5.5.4
R4-R5：100.4.4.0/24 R4：100.4.4.4 R5：100.4.4.5

3.业务LoopBack
R1：Loop0 192.168.0.1/24 Loop1 192.168.1.1/24
R3：Loop1 192.168.2.1/24 Loop2 192.168.3.1/24
R5：Loop1 192.168.4.1/24 Loop2 192.168.5.1/24

二、实验配置及思路：

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname R1

配置环回口
[R1]interface LoopBack0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
[R1-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

对接R2接口
[R1-LoopBack1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 100.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

BGP配置
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]bgp 100
[R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-bgp] peer 100.1.1.2 as-number 200
[R1-bgp]ipv4-family unicast
[R1-bgp-af-ipv4]peer 100.1.1.2 enable

宣告本地业务网段
[R1-bgp-af-ipv4]network 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0
[R1-bgp-af-ipv4]network 192.168.1.0 255.255.2

[R1-bgp-af-ipv4]aggregate 192.168.0.0 255.255.252.0 detail-suppressed

基础IP检查：

R2
[Huawei]sysname

IBGP环回Router-ID
[R2]interface LoopBack0
[R2-LoopBack0] ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255

互联接口
[R2-LoopBack0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 100.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ip address 100.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 100.3.3.2 255.255.255.0
仅宣告底层互联+环回0，不宣告业务网段
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 100.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 100.2.2.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 100.3.3.0 0.0.0.255

BGP配置
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]bgp 200
[R2-bgp] router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-bgp]peer 100.1.1.1 as-number 100

配置R3/R4/R5
[R2-bgp]group IBGP internal
[R2-bgp] peer IBGP connect-interface LoopBack0
[R2-bgp] peer IBGP next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 group IBGP
[R2-bgp] peer 4.4.4.4 group IBGP
[R2-bgp] peer 4.4.4.4 group IBGP
[R2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 group IBGP
[R2-bgp] ipv4-family unicast
[R2-bgp-af-ipv4] peer 100.1.1.1 enable
[R2-bgp-af-ipv4]peer IBGP enable

基础IP检查：

OSPF 检查

<Huawei>sys

[Huawei]sysname R3

IBGP环回Router-ID
[R3]interface LoopBack0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255

业务环回
[R3-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
[R3-LoopBack1]interface LoopBack2
[R3-LoopBack2]ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

互联接口
[R3-LoopBack2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ip address 100.3.3.3 255.255.255.0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 100.5.5.3 255.255.255.0
OSPF 底层互通
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1] area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 100.3.3.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 100.5.5.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 100.5.5.0 0.0.0.255

BGP配置
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]bgp 200
[R3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-bgp] peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200
[R3-bgp]ipv4-family unicast
[R3-bgp-af-ipv4] peer 2.2.2.2 enable

宣告本地业务网段
[R3-bgp-af-ipv4]network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0
[R3-bgp-af-ipv4]network 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0
[R3-bgp-af-ipv4]aggregate 192.168.2.0 255.255.252.0 detail-suppressed
[R3-bgp-af-ipv4]q
[R3-bgp]q

基础IP检查：

OSPF 检查

R4
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname R4

IBGP环回Router-ID
[R4]interface LoopBack0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255

互联接口
[R4-LoopBack0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 100.5.5.4 255.255.255.0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 100.4.4.4 255.255.255.0
配置OSPF
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1] area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 100.5.5.0 0.0.0.255
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 100.4.4.0 0.0.0.255

BGP配置
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]bgp 200
[R4-bgp] router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200
[R4-bgp] ipv4-family unicast
[R4-bgp-af-ipv4]peer 2.2.2.2 enable
[R4-bgp-af-ipv4]q
[R4-bgp]q

基础IP检查：

OSPF 检查

R5
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname R5

IBGP环回Router-ID
[R5]interface LoopBack0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255

业务环回
[R5-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack1
[R5-LoopBack1] ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
[R5-LoopBack1]interface LoopBack2
[R5-LoopBack2]ip address 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0

互联接口
[R5-LoopBack2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 100.2.2.5 255.255.255.0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ip address 100.4.4.5 255.255.255.0
配置OSPF
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1] area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 100.2.2.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 100.4.4.0 0.0.0.255
BGP配置
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]bgp 200
[R5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200
[R5-bgp]ipv4-family unicast
[R5-bgp-af-ipv4]peer 2.2.2.2 enable
宣告业务网段
[R5-bgp-af-ipv4]network 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0
[R5-bgp-af-ipv4]network 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0